Manfaat, Cara Perbanyakan dan Aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)
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Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini merupakan studi literatur untuk membahas manfaat, cara perbanyakan dan cara aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Bakteri dalam PGPR sebagian besar berasal dari bakteri dengan gram negatif yang mampu bersimbiosis mutualisme dengan akar tanaman. Strain paling banyak dari bakteri PGPR adalah dari genus Pseudomonas, genus Serratia, genus Azotobacter, genus Azospirillum, genus Acetobacter, genus Burkholderia dan genus Bacillus. Masing-masing bakteri mempunyai peran dan fungsi yang berbeda namun tetap menguntungkan bagi tanaman. Zat yang diproduksi bakteri PGPR yang bermanfaat bagi tanaman adalah: produksi Asam Indol Asetat (IAA), produksi enzim Aminocyclopropane Carboxylic Acid (ACC) deaminase, produksi siderophore, produksi kitinase, produksi glukanase, dan produksi biotin, sementara aktifitas yang menguntungkan tanaman adalah aktifitas pelarutan phospor dan aktifitas nitrogenase. Secara umum Aplikasi PGPR berdampak baik bagi tanaman baik pada parameter pertumbuhan tanaman dan parameter produksi serta akan lebih memberikan dampak positif jika dilakukan mixing dengan aplikasi bahan organik lain seperti fermentasi urin, fermentasi pupuk kandang dan kompos.
ABSTRACT
This research is a literature study to examine the benefits, methods of propagation and application of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Most of the bacteria in PGPR come from gram-negative bacteria that are capable of mutualistic symbiosis with plant roots. The most abundant strains of PGPR bacteria were from the genus Pseudomonas, genus Serratia, genus Azotobacter, genus Azospirillum, genus Acetobacter, genus Burkholderia and genus Bacillus. Each bacterium has a different role and function but is still beneficial for plants. Substances produced by PGPR bacteria that are beneficial for plants are: Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), Aminocyclopropane Carboxylic Acid (ACC) deaminase, siderophore, chitinase, glucanase, and biotin, while the activities that benefit plants are the solubilization of phosphorus and nitrogenase activity. In general, the application of PGPR has a good impact both on plant growth parameters and plant production parameters also will have a more positive impact if it is mixed with other organic material applications such as fermented urine, fermented manure and compost.
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