Evaluasi Penerapan Biosekuriti di Peternakan Ayam Joper Di Jawa Timur

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penerapan biosekuriti merupakan salah satu upaya memenuhi kesejahteraan ternak untuk mencegah terjadinya penularan penyakit zoonosis dari kegiatan beternak. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengevaluasi penerapan biosekuriti di peternakan ayam joper skala  usaha 500 ekor di Jawa Timur. Empat lokasi ditetapkan secara random sampling yaitu di Kabupaten Pasuruan, Kota pasuruan, Kota Batu dan Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Sebanyak 46 responden ditentukan secara purposive sampling. Evaluasi tindakan biosekuriti meliputi desinfeksi, disposal, sanitasi dan vaksinasi dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi dan kuesioner, sedangkan identifikasi penyakit ayam menggunakan metode surveilans. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa praktik biosekuriti di peternak wilayah Jawa Timur pada tindakan desinfeksi dan disposal termasuk kategori buruk (skor = 0), tindakan sanitasi termasuk kategori baik (skor = 2) dan tindakan vaksinasi termasuk kategori cukup baik (skor = 1). Penyakit yang diderita ayam yaitu penyakit viral dan penyakit bakteri. Penelitian ini menyarankan bahwa peternak perlu mendapatkan pendampingan tentang biosekuriti.

Kata kunci— biosekuriti, ayam joper, unggas lokal, kesejahteraan hewan

ABSTRACT

The application of biosecurity is one of the efforts to meet livestock welfare to prevent the transmission of zoonotic diseases from livestock activities. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the application of biosecurity in a Joper chicken farm in East Java. Four locations were determined by random sampling: Pasuruan Regency, Pasuruan City, Batu City, and Bojonegoro Regency. A total of 46 respondents were determined by purposive sampling. Evaluation of biosecurity measures including disinfection, disposal, sanitation, and vaccination was carried out through interviews, observations, and questionnaires, while the identification of chicken diseases used surveillance methods. The evaluation results show that the practice of biosecurity in East Java farmers in terms of disinfection and disposal is in a bad category (score = 0), sanitation measures are in a good category (score = 2) and vaccination measures are in the fairly good category (score = 1). Diseases suffered by chickens are viral diseases and bacterial diseases. This study suggests that farmers need to get assistance with biosecurity.

Keywords— biosecurity, joper chicken, local poultry, animal welfare